GALSHO:
Waa maxay galsho? Goormay soo baxday? Ayaa soo saaray? Isweydiimahaas oo dhan, waxa laga bixin karaa wabmooyin waafiya. Marka aad aado, daas-galsho(Internet Cafe) laga galo, sida haatan badan ee magaalo walba ka jirta, taasoo dad badan ka adeegsadaan, iyagoo ka tarhelaya mintamooyinka galshadu u leedahay. Haddii ay taasu dhacdo oo aad soo joogsato daaskaas galshada laga galo – waxa aad ogaanaysaa galshada iyo waxtarkeeda, adigoo waliba ogaanaya in sida aad u joogto goobtaas uu qof kale oo kula mid ahi isna u joogo daas-galsho uu kuu jira lakaag(Million) waar(Meter). Haddaba haddii aad sii hadashada isku weydiiso waxa ay galshadu tahay, iyo sida ay u suurtagal tahay. Galshadu waa farsamaati(Technology) aad u sareeya, oo si mahwiya(Public) u soo shaacbaxay 90-meeyadii. Waxa se uu soo jiray farsamaatigaasi ilaa 70-meeyadii, iyadoo uu ku koobnaa goobo dad tirsan u gaarra.
Galshadu waa falkane(Network) isku xidhiidhiya lakuug dad-ah, oo kala jooga goobo lakaagyo waar isu kala jira. Farsamaatigan, haddii aynu ka warano, waxa aan ku tusaalaynayaa, farsamaatiga kooska ka soo jiray, ee codka la isugu tebin jiray, kaasoo ahaa qalabka dhawaqtaarka(The Telephone). Qalabkaasu sidiisii hore wuxuu ahaa taarar siligyo ah oo isku xidhiidhsan, iyagoo isugu iman jiray xarunta-dhawaqtaarrada(Telephone Exchange) iyadu marba labada dhawaqtaar ee xidhiidhaya isugu xidhi jirtay taarka. Marka aynu qalabkaas ka waramayno weli waa ay jirtaa xarunta ay isugu yimaadaan dhawaqtaarrada siligeed(Land-line Telephones). Si farsamaatigaas ku saameelan ayaa, waxa la hindisay in goobtii qalab dhawaqtaar yiilay,in la dhigo qalabka tubsheelka(The Computer) ah, oo qof kalana isagoo goob kale jooga, tubsheelkiisu isna ku taarnaado ka kale, oo ay xaruntu xidhiidhiso. Qalabka tubsheelku waa qalab ku samaysan farsamaatiga Jacnabaatiga(Electronic), waa qalab jacnabaatiya, waana qalabka suurtageliya jiritaanka galshada, maanta ku baahsanaatay koosweynaha.
Qalabka jacnabaatiga waxa tabarta uu ku shaqeeyo siiya jacroorka(Electericity), oo ah tamar jacrooreed(Electeric Energy). Sida xeerka tamartu dhigayo, tamar lama abuuri karo, lamina baa’biin karo –Balse waa la gedgedin karaa. Waxa jira hinjiin jacroor dhaliye ah(Electeric Generator), kaasoo shidaal ku jira oo ahaa tamar keydsan(Potential Energy) u gediya jacroor. Waxa ka soo jiidan hinjiinka jacroor dhaliyaha ah, silig kaasoo jacroorku soo dhexqaado, waxa siligaasu uu soo galaa guryaheena, waxa lagu xidhaa nal, kaasoo laga daaro ama laga demiyo qadh(Switch), intaas siliggu isku xidhiidhsho waxa lagu magacaabaa mareeg(Circuit). Qadh waa halka laga maamulo ama xakeemeeyo mareegta naleed. Haddaba waxa laga horumaray farsamaatiga, oo waxa la hindisay mareeg ebyoon(Integrated Circuit), oo ah daab yan(Micro Device) oo farta aad ku qaadi karto. Waxa horumarka farsamaatigu gaadhay, in daabab yanyan oo mareegta ebyoon ka mid tahay, la isku rarkabo oo laga sameeyo qalabkaas aynu ku magacaabnay tubsheelka. Jacroorka soo dhexqaadaya siligga galaya tubsheelka ayaa dhexmuquurta daababkaas yanyan ee tubsheelku ka samaysan yahay. Farsamada uu ku shaqeeyo tubsheelkuna waa iyadoo daababkaas sida dhafka-adag(Sophisticated/Complex) iskugu rarkaban marna la deminayo marna la daarayo, oo ah iyadoo mar jacroorka laga jarayo, marna jacroorka loo soo daynayo, si uu qalabkaas jacnabeed ee tubsheelku u qabto hawlaha loo hindisay.
Tubsheelku waa suurtageliyaha galshada sidaynu soo xusnay. Beryihii hore tubsheelku waxa uu tebin jiray qoraalka tibxaha oo keliya, haatan waxa uu tubsheelku tebiyaa qoraalka tibxaha, codka, iyo muuqaalka, oo uu si nooliya qofka kale ee isna ku taaran galshadu tubsheelkiisa ka guddooman karo. Xarunta Dhawaqtaarrada ee siligyada dhawaqtaarradu iskugu yimaadaan waxa yaala qalab jacnabaatiya oo lagu magacaabo adeegtare(Server), waa qalabka keydiya xogta ay galsho adeegsadayaashu ku keydsadaan. Adeegsadeyaasha galshadu waxa ay samaystaan qandi(Account) summad gaarra u leh qof walba, taasoo ah tibxo sida qof magaciisa, halkaasoo ay isugu diraan dhanbaal jacnabaatiya(Electronic Mail), oo marka la soo sargaabsho la dhaho dhanjac(Email). Waxa kaloo adeegsadayaasha galshadu samaystaan goobgalsheedyo(Websites) ay ku soo wadhi karaan maqaalo tibxa-qoran, codad ku kaydin karaan laga dhegaysan karo, ama muuqaalo laga daawan karo.
Horumarka farsamaatigu wuu sii socday, oo waxa soo baxay dhawaqtaarro siligla’(Wireless Telephones), halka kuwii hore rug uun ay yaaleen. Dhawaqtaarradaas waxa la dhahaa dhawaqtaar meergal-ah(Mobile Telephone), ama meergal(Mobile). Sida aynu soo xusnay galshadu waxa ay adeegsatay siligyadii loo adeegsan jiray dhawaqtaarrada ee isku falkanaa, falkanaha galshaduna waxa uu ugu horayntii dhigay tubsheel halkii dhawaqtaar siligeed yiil. Haatan, dhawaqtaarrada meergalka ahi, waxa ay tebintooda ku sii daayaan hawada, halkaasoo xarunta dhawaqtaarradu ka guddoomato hawada tebintii, oo ay ku xidhiidhiso dhawaqtaarka kale ee isna wada-xidhiidhku ka dhexeeyo. Taas waxa xigay galsho meergal ah(Mobile Internet). Waxa qofku uu maanta haysan karaa tubsheel dhabsaar ah(Laptop Computer), oo lagu rarkabayo dhawaqtaar meergal ah, oo tebinta hawada ugu sii daynaya taniyo inta xaruntu guddoomanayso ee ay adeegsade kale ku xidhiidhinayso, oo isna hadduu doono miyigaba iska jooga.
Galshada maantu waxay ka dhigan tahay keyse(Resource) uu qofku ka heli karo, warar,xog, aqoon, kasmo, haasaawe,madadaalo iyo wax kastoo maankaaga ku soo dhaca. Galshada maantu waa koos dhan.
TIRAABO -(TERMS)-Tilmaameed
ELECTRON = JACNAB
PROTON = LIDJAC
NEUTRON = BAYOOX
Electric = Jacrooreed
Electricity = Jacroor
Electronic = Jacnabaati
Neutral = Bayoox
Neutralize = Bayooxayn
Neutralized = Bayooxan
Transparency = Bayaxnaan
Transparent = Bayax
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING = Waxhindis Jacrooreed
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER = Hindisle Jacroor
ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING = Waxhindis Jacnabaati
ELECTRONIC ENGINEER = Hindisle Jacnabaati
Lakaag = Million
Lakiig = Billion
Lakuug = Trillion
Waa maxay galsho? Goormay soo baxday? Ayaa soo saaray? Isweydiimahaas oo dhan, waxa laga bixin karaa wabmooyin waafiya. Marka aad aado, daas-galsho(Internet Cafe) laga galo, sida haatan badan ee magaalo walba ka jirta, taasoo dad badan ka adeegsadaan, iyagoo ka tarhelaya mintamooyinka galshadu u leedahay. Haddii ay taasu dhacdo oo aad soo joogsato daaskaas galshada laga galo – waxa aad ogaanaysaa galshada iyo waxtarkeeda, adigoo waliba ogaanaya in sida aad u joogto goobtaas uu qof kale oo kula mid ahi isna u joogo daas-galsho uu kuu jira lakaag(Million) waar(Meter). Haddaba haddii aad sii hadashada isku weydiiso waxa ay galshadu tahay, iyo sida ay u suurtagal tahay. Galshadu waa farsamaati(Technology) aad u sareeya, oo si mahwiya(Public) u soo shaacbaxay 90-meeyadii. Waxa se uu soo jiray farsamaatigaasi ilaa 70-meeyadii, iyadoo uu ku koobnaa goobo dad tirsan u gaarra.
Galshadu waa falkane(Network) isku xidhiidhiya lakuug dad-ah, oo kala jooga goobo lakaagyo waar isu kala jira. Farsamaatigan, haddii aynu ka warano, waxa aan ku tusaalaynayaa, farsamaatiga kooska ka soo jiray, ee codka la isugu tebin jiray, kaasoo ahaa qalabka dhawaqtaarka(The Telephone). Qalabkaasu sidiisii hore wuxuu ahaa taarar siligyo ah oo isku xidhiidhsan, iyagoo isugu iman jiray xarunta-dhawaqtaarrada(Telephone Exchange) iyadu marba labada dhawaqtaar ee xidhiidhaya isugu xidhi jirtay taarka. Marka aynu qalabkaas ka waramayno weli waa ay jirtaa xarunta ay isugu yimaadaan dhawaqtaarrada siligeed(Land-line Telephones). Si farsamaatigaas ku saameelan ayaa, waxa la hindisay in goobtii qalab dhawaqtaar yiilay,in la dhigo qalabka tubsheelka(The Computer) ah, oo qof kalana isagoo goob kale jooga, tubsheelkiisu isna ku taarnaado ka kale, oo ay xaruntu xidhiidhiso. Qalabka tubsheelku waa qalab ku samaysan farsamaatiga Jacnabaatiga(Electronic), waa qalab jacnabaatiya, waana qalabka suurtageliya jiritaanka galshada, maanta ku baahsanaatay koosweynaha.
Qalabka jacnabaatiga waxa tabarta uu ku shaqeeyo siiya jacroorka(Electericity), oo ah tamar jacrooreed(Electeric Energy). Sida xeerka tamartu dhigayo, tamar lama abuuri karo, lamina baa’biin karo –Balse waa la gedgedin karaa. Waxa jira hinjiin jacroor dhaliye ah(Electeric Generator), kaasoo shidaal ku jira oo ahaa tamar keydsan(Potential Energy) u gediya jacroor. Waxa ka soo jiidan hinjiinka jacroor dhaliyaha ah, silig kaasoo jacroorku soo dhexqaado, waxa siligaasu uu soo galaa guryaheena, waxa lagu xidhaa nal, kaasoo laga daaro ama laga demiyo qadh(Switch), intaas siliggu isku xidhiidhsho waxa lagu magacaabaa mareeg(Circuit). Qadh waa halka laga maamulo ama xakeemeeyo mareegta naleed. Haddaba waxa laga horumaray farsamaatiga, oo waxa la hindisay mareeg ebyoon(Integrated Circuit), oo ah daab yan(Micro Device) oo farta aad ku qaadi karto. Waxa horumarka farsamaatigu gaadhay, in daabab yanyan oo mareegta ebyoon ka mid tahay, la isku rarkabo oo laga sameeyo qalabkaas aynu ku magacaabnay tubsheelka. Jacroorka soo dhexqaadaya siligga galaya tubsheelka ayaa dhexmuquurta daababkaas yanyan ee tubsheelku ka samaysan yahay. Farsamada uu ku shaqeeyo tubsheelkuna waa iyadoo daababkaas sida dhafka-adag(Sophisticated/Complex) iskugu rarkaban marna la deminayo marna la daarayo, oo ah iyadoo mar jacroorka laga jarayo, marna jacroorka loo soo daynayo, si uu qalabkaas jacnabeed ee tubsheelku u qabto hawlaha loo hindisay.
Tubsheelku waa suurtageliyaha galshada sidaynu soo xusnay. Beryihii hore tubsheelku waxa uu tebin jiray qoraalka tibxaha oo keliya, haatan waxa uu tubsheelku tebiyaa qoraalka tibxaha, codka, iyo muuqaalka, oo uu si nooliya qofka kale ee isna ku taaran galshadu tubsheelkiisa ka guddooman karo. Xarunta Dhawaqtaarrada ee siligyada dhawaqtaarradu iskugu yimaadaan waxa yaala qalab jacnabaatiya oo lagu magacaabo adeegtare(Server), waa qalabka keydiya xogta ay galsho adeegsadayaashu ku keydsadaan. Adeegsadeyaasha galshadu waxa ay samaystaan qandi(Account) summad gaarra u leh qof walba, taasoo ah tibxo sida qof magaciisa, halkaasoo ay isugu diraan dhanbaal jacnabaatiya(Electronic Mail), oo marka la soo sargaabsho la dhaho dhanjac(Email). Waxa kaloo adeegsadayaasha galshadu samaystaan goobgalsheedyo(Websites) ay ku soo wadhi karaan maqaalo tibxa-qoran, codad ku kaydin karaan laga dhegaysan karo, ama muuqaalo laga daawan karo.
Horumarka farsamaatigu wuu sii socday, oo waxa soo baxay dhawaqtaarro siligla’(Wireless Telephones), halka kuwii hore rug uun ay yaaleen. Dhawaqtaarradaas waxa la dhahaa dhawaqtaar meergal-ah(Mobile Telephone), ama meergal(Mobile). Sida aynu soo xusnay galshadu waxa ay adeegsatay siligyadii loo adeegsan jiray dhawaqtaarrada ee isku falkanaa, falkanaha galshaduna waxa uu ugu horayntii dhigay tubsheel halkii dhawaqtaar siligeed yiil. Haatan, dhawaqtaarrada meergalka ahi, waxa ay tebintooda ku sii daayaan hawada, halkaasoo xarunta dhawaqtaarradu ka guddoomato hawada tebintii, oo ay ku xidhiidhiso dhawaqtaarka kale ee isna wada-xidhiidhku ka dhexeeyo. Taas waxa xigay galsho meergal ah(Mobile Internet). Waxa qofku uu maanta haysan karaa tubsheel dhabsaar ah(Laptop Computer), oo lagu rarkabayo dhawaqtaar meergal ah, oo tebinta hawada ugu sii daynaya taniyo inta xaruntu guddoomanayso ee ay adeegsade kale ku xidhiidhinayso, oo isna hadduu doono miyigaba iska jooga.
Galshada maantu waxay ka dhigan tahay keyse(Resource) uu qofku ka heli karo, warar,xog, aqoon, kasmo, haasaawe,madadaalo iyo wax kastoo maankaaga ku soo dhaca. Galshada maantu waa koos dhan.
TIRAABO -(TERMS)-Tilmaameed
ELECTRON = JACNAB
PROTON = LIDJAC
NEUTRON = BAYOOX
Electric = Jacrooreed
Electricity = Jacroor
Electronic = Jacnabaati
Neutral = Bayoox
Neutralize = Bayooxayn
Neutralized = Bayooxan
Transparency = Bayaxnaan
Transparent = Bayax
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING = Waxhindis Jacrooreed
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER = Hindisle Jacroor
ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING = Waxhindis Jacnabaati
ELECTRONIC ENGINEER = Hindisle Jacnabaati
Lakaag = Million
Lakiig = Billion
Lakuug = Trillion
